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Impact Of Globalization On The World System - 969 Words

Thougts on Globalization 1. In order to identify the three types of nations discussed in the texbook, I would like to first start by defining what the world system theory is. â€Å"The modern world system is a capitalist global economy which contains multiple states and a single dominant international division of labor† (Doob, 2008). This definition helps us understand that the economy is not scattered accross the globe equally between all countries, instead only a few countries are posses a sucessful industrial, economical, and ploitical history. Being born and raised in Albania, and moving here to the US only 3 years ago has given me the opportunity to view these concepts clearly. The three naions are divided in this way- the core nation, the semiperipheral nation, and the peripheral nation. Or the rich, the middle income, and the poor. The Journal of World Systems Research explains â€Å"World-system dynamics create persistent cross-national differences in levels of economic development, including levels of income and domestic economic structure, which in turn create divergent levels of income inequality† (Graigner Kwon Mahutga, 2013). The core nation is the rich nation. The nation(s) which has managed to obtain a progressive industrial history, influences in the world system both economically and politically. Enjoys a high standard lifestyle, and has a longer life expectancy. The textbook mentions Western European, the US, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. I would like toShow MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of Global Integration1476 Words   |  6 PagesAND DISADVANTAGES Globalization is the process by which different societies, cultures, and regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political ideas through transportation, communication, and trade. 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Public Policing Versus Private Security Free Essays

Public Policing Versus Private Security Kayla Cook CJA/500 November 8, 2009 Mrs. Jancie Graham Abstract Public policing and private security have several distinct differences. Public policing is the ability to enforce the law and maintain order in society. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Policing Versus Private Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now Private securities are paid agencies that perform the protective and loss-prevention duties not handled by police officers. Yet public policing and private security offers the same services and duties. These services and duties are performed to achieve some of the same goals. Both serve as leaders in their line of work. The leadership requirements are regulated by two different standards. They both share a positive relationship with the criminal justice system. This relationship could be enhanced if the two would partnership with one another. This could help them combine their essential policies for the current role they perform now. Public policing and private security will continue to grow and work together in the future. This paper will also describe and discuss the importance of a comprehensive security plan, and its key components. The Differences between Public Policing and Private Security Public policing is the ability to enforce the law and maintain order in society. Private securities are paid agencies that perform the protective and loss-prevention duties not handled by police officers. Public policing and private security have several distinct differences. Public policing does the following: 1) maintain order, 2) performs community service, 3) detect crime, 4) handle crime, and 5) prevent crime, 6) traffic control, 7) stop and question an individual, 8) search individuals and their personal belongings, 9) conduct interrogations, and 10) arrest an individual. Private security does the following paid duties: 1) serves as an escort, 2) patrol housing and business areas, 3) serves as guards at gates, 4) transport valuables, 5) security training, 6) screening of personnel for employment, 7) technical counter surveillance, 8) security consultation, 9) install alarm systems and 10)offer private security vaults (Reid, 1996). The Similarities between Public Policing and Private Security Public policing and private security offers some of the same services and duties. These services and duties are performed to achieve some of the same goals. In this way they are able to assist each other in performing these services and duties. Public policing and private security offer the following services and duties: 1) crime prevention, 2) crime control, 3) assist is emergencies, 4) training, 5) conduct searches, 6) involved in community events, 7) offer security, 8) monitor specific area, 9) provides protection, and 10) they both have legal powers. Both public policing and private security agencies are held accountable for their actions. Neither escapes criticisms from outside sources. Our society needs the services and duties that both provide to help ensure the safety of our freedom and our property (Walker, Katz, 2011). The Differences between Public Policing and Private Security Leadership Roles The difference between public policing and private security leadership roles are the standard requirements for leadership. The requirement for leadership in public policing is regulated by the government and civil service. The only requirement for leadership in private security is to lead by example. This is because private security agencies are privately owned and they do not have a set required standard. The Relationship of Public Policing and Private Security with the Criminal Justice System The relationship of public policing with the criminal justice system is to prevent crime and provide justice to the public. The relationship of private security with the criminal justice system is to prevent crime and provide justice to its employees. They both share the same relationship with the criminal justice system. The relationship would be work more effective if law enforcement officers and private security agencies would work together along with the criminal justice system to prevent crime and provide justice to the public and private employees. The Essential Policies for Public Policing and Private Security Public policing and private security have several distinct differences in their essential policies. The essential policies for public policing are: 1) Hierarchical- there are many different official and formal levels of public agencies positions. 2) Civil service- civil service examinations are given to chose only the most qualified personnel based on merit. 3) Apolitical- the government gives the policies to public policing to execute. 4) Impartial and fair- the treatment of all citizen using government services are to be fair and just. ) Public affairs-oriented- focus is given to the management of public agencies and organizations. 6) Public-service oriented- profit is not a motive the serve the public. 7) Publicly funded- tax revenues fund these public administrations. 8) Publicly documented- all citizens can review administrative records and financial documents. 9) Accountable to the public- at anytime legislative an d judicial review can be done to public administration. The essential policies for private security are: 1) Private enterprise- goal is to complete a private obligation instead of a public one. ) Private or corporate ownership- private organizations are owned by private individuals, groups, or stockholders. 3) Competitiveness- the organization may be in competition with another organization with the same product or service. 4) Profit incentive- normally the incentive is to generate net profit unless it is a nonprofit private organization. 5) Financing regulated by market price- the ability to sell the product or service is based on revenue. 6) Privacy of information and records- limited information is proprietary and the property of the owners. ) Accountability to owners and stockholders- instead of being accountable to the public, the organization and its employees are held accountable to the organization’s owners. 8) Some freedom in selection and termination of employees- c ivil service rules do not regulate the organization ability to hire or terminate employees. 9) Freedom to regulate work methods and organization- the organization is not regulated by civil service rules (Ortmeier, 2009). The importance of a Comprehensive Security Plan and Its Key Components The security plan must also specify the persons who have access to security areas, and it must specify the various components necessary for physical security, such as barriers, lighting, alarm systems, fire protection systems, locks, and communications. It must detail full instructions for the guard force. These instructions must contain both general orders applicable to all guards and special orders pertaining to specific posts, patrols, and areas. There must be provision for emergency situations. Specific plans for fire, flood, storm, or power failure should be part of the overall plan of action. You should also specify people to call in an emergency. After the security plan has been formulated and implemented, it must be reexamined periodically for flaws and for ways to improve it and keep it current with existing needs. Circulation of the plan should be limited and controlled. It must be remembered that such a plan, however well conceived, is doomed from the outset unless it is constantly and carefully supervised (Fisher, Halibozek, Green, 2008, 36 Conclusion Public policing and private security are major components in the criminal justice system. The mere existence of both public policing and private security helps our communities feel safe. Once the two merge and work together, more problems can be solved to prevent crimes. This partnership will be form when the importance of each other’s responsibilities and roles are identified. Law enforcement agencies are slowly coming to realize the benefits of a partnership with private security can be since 9/11. This was just one of the many examples of how effectively public policing and private security can work together. In the future, public policing and private security will continue to work together to prevent crime and provide justice to all. References Fisher, R. J. , Halibozek, E. , Green, G. (2008). Introduction to Security (8th ed. ). Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. Katz, C. M. Walker, S. (2011). The Police in America: An Introduction (7th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Ortmeier, P. J. (2008). Introduction to Security: operations and Management (3rd ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Reid, Sue (1996). Criminal Justice (4th ed. ). Madison, WI. Brown Benchmark. How to cite Public Policing Versus Private Security, Papers

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) The Palanetary Bargain

Question: Discuss the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and elaborate on its possible advantages and dis-advantages. Answer: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to the ways in which the organization integrates economic, social, environmental concerns to the values and decision making in a transparent and accountable manner so as to improve the society. These elements of CSR are inter-related inter-connected and used by firms where they operate. It shall be seen that, CSR has been referred to as a central management concern (Hunnicutt, 2009). Different organization practice CSR in a different manner. Therefore, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been referred to as a voluntary activity which is done by the employees society as a whole. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to the series of events which the organization does in order to give back to the community and earn more profits. According to Horrigan 2010, there is no specific definition of what corporate social responsibility (CSR) is. Baker 2004, on the other hand defines CSR as the process opted by the organizations to produce an overall positive impact on the society. The following portion of the essay takes into consideration the advantages dis-advantages of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The first advantage of CSR is the improved version of the organization. With the help of CSR, the corporation will be able to earn high levels of goodwill. This serves dual purpose i.e. people would want to buy the product offered by the organization and other similar business corporations would want to be associated with the firm in a long run. This increases the image of the organization and its name would be synonyms with reliability goodness. Third party would want to be associated with the organization as it would be referred to as the best in the market (Zu, 2009). Second advantage of CSR is increased attraction retention of the employees. It shall be taken into consideration that, companies who are highly committed to CSR values find it easier to retain and recruit the employees. People want to get associated with organizations that care about the well - being of its employees by providing them with good work conditions. Financial assistance, regular appraisals will help the corporation to attain and retain more employees. In short, if the companys workforce is happy it will help the organization to earn more profits due to their increased efficiency. Thirdly, company attracts more capital inflow from various other sources. It shall be seen that, the image of the company plays an important in grasping investors. Therefore, companies who are engaged in regular CSR commitments get a massive boost and hence people invest in operations massively. The next advantage of CSR would be an increased positive publicity. It shall be taken into consideration that any publicity for company shall be referred to as good publicity. More and more people shall know about the products they offer (Visser, 2007). A good CSR program will help the organization to give good publicity and enhance its brand value. Good publicity also helps the orga nization to have an edge over its competitors. The competitors might be selling the product at a lower rate, but since the company with good CSR values is giving back to the society, therefore, people do not restrict themselves in spending an extra amount for the same. Lastly, companies who have invested in the CSR activities, the operations department shall be made sure that it does not harm the environment in any manner. Therefore, innovation of machines tools which will help to reduce wastes from the organization will help the company to have a clean environment (Trong, (2012). Apart from the advantages of CSR mentioned above there are various dis-advantages of the same. The first and foremost disadvantage of CSR is to shift from profit motive organization. Mitlon Friedman, an economist is the biggest critic of corporate social responsibility (CSR). He believes that, CSR shifts the main focus of the company i.e. its a financial entity first not a non - profit organization. He also states that, company tends to forget its obligations towards the stakeholders and the revenues they have to earn. Instead of engaging in profit making they are involved in CSR campaigns. The second disadvantage of CSR is customer conviction. As stated above, people tend to get attracted to companies who follow the CSR initiatives. People like the fact that, these programs are for a good cause (Tilt, 2016). But, CSR in the long run when does not gives instant results the customer feels that these are no less than publicity stunts. Therefore, it becomes a difficult task to convince the customers when the results take some time in coming out. Third disadvantage of CSR is the increased cost of production. It has been seen that, CSR leads to an increase in the cost of production. The increased expenditure can be seen in the increased prices of the products which the customer has to pay. It shall be noticed that, big corporations might not increase the prices but the small organizations will not be able to sustain in the market in the long run (Crowther Capaldi, 2008). Lastly, corporate social responsibility (CSR) will hamper the reputation of the company in a long run. It has been seen that, companies who practice CSR campaigns sometimes have to disclose the flaws in their own products if they tend to violate the CSR policies. For instance, a big vehicle manufacturing company asked to provide back the vehicles when they found a defect in the model. This has hampered the reputation of the company. In such cases, the trust of the customers is broken and large amo unt of inconvenience is caused to the consumers. References Baker, M. (2004).Definitions of corporate social responsibility - What is CSR?. [online] Mallen Baker's Respectful Business Blog. Available at: https://mallenbaker.net/article/clear-reflection/definitions-of-corporate-social-responsibility-what-is-csr [Accessed 29 Aug. 2016]. Hopkins, M. (2003).The planetary bargain. London: Earthscan Publications. Horrigan., B. (2010) Corporate Social Responsibility in the 21stCentury: Debates, Models and Practices Across Government, Law and Business, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK. Hunnicutt, S. (2009).Corporate social responsibility. Detroit, MI: Greenhaven Press. Sacconi, L., Blair, M., Freeman, R. and Vercelli, A. (2010).Corporate social responsibility and corporate governance. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Taticchi, P., Carbone, P. and Albino, V. (2014).Corporate Sustainability. Dordrecht: Springer. Visser, W. (2007).The A to Z of corporate social responsibility. Chichester, England: John Wiley Sons. Zu, L. (2009).Corporate social responsibility, corporate restructuring and firm's performance. Berlin: Springer.